The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star

DOI: 
10.1051/0004-6361/201935460
Publication date: 
01/07/2019
Main author: 
Zechmeister, M.
IAA authors: 
Bauer, F. F.;López-González, M. J.;Rodríguez, E.;Rodríguez López, C.;Anglada-Escudé, G.;Amado, P. J.;Abril, M.;Aceituno, F. J.;Aceituno, J.;Antona Jiménez, R.;Becerril, S.;Calvo Ortega, R.;Casal, E.;Casanova, V.;Claret, A.;Fernández, M.;Lampón, M.;Lara, L. M.;López-Puertas, M.;Martín-Ruiz, S.;Mirabet, E.;Pascual, J.;Pérez Medialdea, D.;Rabaza, O.;Ramón Ballesta, A.;Rodríguez Trinidad, A.;Sánchez Carrasco, M. A.;Sánchez-López, A.;Sota, A.;Suárez, J. C.
Authors: 
Zechmeister, M.;Dreizler, S.;Ribas, I.;Reiners, A.;Caballero, J. A.;Bauer, F. F.;Béjar, V. J. S.;González-Cuesta, L.;Herrero, E.;Lalitha, S.;López-González, M. J.;Luque, R.;Morales, J. C.;Pallé, E.;Rodríguez, E.;Rodríguez López, C.;Tal-Or, L.;Anglada-Escudé, G.;Quirrenbach, A.;Amado, P. J.;Abril, M.;Aceituno, F. J.;Aceituno, J.;Alonso-Floriano, F. J.;Ammler-von Eiff, M.;Antona Jiménez, R.;Anwand-Heerwart, H.;Arroyo-Torres, B.;Azzaro, M.;Baroch, D.;Barrado, D.;Becerril, S.;Benítez, D.;Berdiñas, Z. M.;Bergond, G.;Bluhm, P.;Brinkmöller, M.;del Burgo, C.;Calvo Ortega, R.;Cano, J.;Cardona Guillén, C.;Carro, J.;Cárdenas Vázquez, M. C.;Casal, E.;Casasayas-Barris, N.;Casanova, V.;Chaturvedi, P.;Cifuentes, C.;Claret, A.;Colomé, J.;Cortés-Contreras, M.;Czesla, S.;Díez-Alonso, E.;Dorda, R.;Fernández, M.;Fernández-Martín, A.;Fuhrmeister, B.;Fukui, A.;Galadí-Enríquez, D.;Gallardo Cava, I.;Garcia de la Fuente, J.;Garcia-Piquer, A.;García Vargas, M. L.;Gesa, L.;Góngora Rueda, J.;González-Álvarez, E.;González Hernández, J. I.;González-Peinado, R.;Grözinger, U.;Guàrdia, J.;Guijarro, A.;de Guindos, E.;Hatzes, A. P.;Hauschildt, P. H.;Hedrosa, R. P.;Helmling, J.;Henning, T.;Hermelo, I.;Hernández Arabi, R.;Hernández Castaño, L.;Hernández Otero, F.;Hintz, D.;Huke, P.;Huber, A.;Jeffers, S. V.;Johnson, E. N.;de Juan, E.;Kaminski, A.;Kemmer, J.;Kim, M.;Klahr, H.;Klein, R.;Klüter, J.;Klutsch, A.;Kossakowski, D.;Kürster, M.;Labarga, F.;Lafarga, M.;Llamas, M.;Lampón, M.;Lara, L. M.;Launhardt, R.;Lázaro, F. J.;Lodieu, N.;López del Fresno, M.;López-Puertas, M.;López Salas, J. F.;López-Santiago, J.;Magán Madinabeitia, H.;Mall, U.;Mancini, L.;Mandel, H.;Marfil, E.;Marín Molina, J. A.;Maroto Fernández, D.;Martín, E. L.;Martín-Fernández, P.;Martín-Ruiz, S.;Marvin, C. J.;Mirabet, E.;Montañés-Rodríguez, P.;Montes, D.;Moreno-Raya, M. E.;Nagel, E.;Naranjo, V.;Narita, N.;Nortmann, L.;Nowak, G.;Ofir, A.;Oshagh, M.;Panduro, J.;Parviainen, H.;Pascual, J.;Passegger, V. M.;Pavlov, A.;Pedraz, S.;Pérez-Calpena, A.;Pérez Medialdea, D.;Perger, M.;Perryman, M. A. C.;Rabaza, O.;Ramón Ballesta, A.;Rebolo, R.;Redondo, P.;Reffert, S.;Reinhardt, S.;Rhode, P.;Rix, H. -W.;Rodler, F.;Rodríguez Trinidad, A.;Rosich, A.;Sadegi, S.;Sánchez-Blanco, E.;Sánchez Carrasco, M. A.;Sánchez-López, A.;Sanz-Forcada, J.;Sarkis, P.;Sarmiento, L. F.;Schäfer, S.;Schmitt, J. H. M. M.;Schöfer, P.;Schweitzer, A.;Seifert, W.;Shulyak, D.;Solano, E.;Sota, A.;Stahl, O.;Stock, S.;Strachan, J. B. P.;Stuber, T.;Stürmer, J.;Suárez, J. C.;Tabernero, H. M.;Tala Pinto, M.;Trifonov, T.;Veredas, G.;Vico Linares, J. I.;Vilardell, F.;Wagner, K.;Wolthoff, V.;Xu, W.;Yan, F.;Zapatero Osorio, M. R.
Journal: 
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Publication type: 
Article
Volume: 
627
Pages: 
A49
Abstract: 
Context. Teegarden's Star is the brightest and one of the nearest ultra-cool dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood. For its late spectral type (M7.0 V), the star shows relatively little activity and is a prime target for near-infrared radial velocity surveys such as CARMENES. <BR /> Aims: As part of the CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs, we obtained more than 200 radial-velocity measurements of Teegarden's Star and analysed them for planetary signals. <BR /> Methods: We find periodic variability in the radial velocities of Teegarden's Star. We also studied photometric measurements to rule out stellar brightness variations mimicking planetary signals. <BR /> Results: We find evidence for two planet candidates, each with 1.1 M<SUB>⊕</SUB> minimum mass, orbiting at periods of 4.91 and 11.4 d, respectively. No evidence for planetary transits could be found in archival and follow-up photometry. Small photometric variability is suggestive of slow rotation and old age. <BR /> Conclusions: The two planets are among the lowest-mass planets discovered so far, and they are the first Earth-mass planets around an ultra-cool dwarf for which the masses have been determined using radial velocities. Tables D.1 and D.2 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href='http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr'>http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href='http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/627/A49'>http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/627/A49</A>
Database: 
ADS
SCOPUS
URL: 
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85069502381&doi=10.1051%2f0004-6361%2f201935460&partnerID=40&md5=4fc7cb52168b3ac6b7b8c2854e9cca6c
ADS Bibcode: 
2019A&A...627A..49Z
Keywords: 
methods: data analysis;planetary systems;stars: late-type;stars: individual: Teegarden's Star;Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics