The Arecibo Observatory (AO) has supported cutting-edge research in the fields of Astronomy, Planetary Science, and Space Atmospheric Science for decades. The unprecedented sensitivity of the Arecibo antenna has led to fundamental contributions in a wide variety of research programs, including the first detection of an exoplanet around pulsar (Wolszczan & Frail 1992), indirect detection of gravitational waves (GWs) that resulted in the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics (Hulse 1994), and discovery and localization of a repeating Fast Radio Burst (Spitler et al. 2016, Marcote et al. 2016). In 2020, AO will publish its roadmap for the next decade. This document will exist as a reference, but living, document containing our vision for the future capabilities of the observatory. It will also aim to inspire the users community to open new paths for future science drivers. In this colloquium, I will discuss the science and technical roadmap in the short term and how we plan to enhance AO.s science return, with the goal of opening new and fruitful international collaborations.